Juan Monjo in 1853 wrote a Treaty on Naval Architecture, which was accepted as an official textbook for nautical schools. Between 1858 and 1868 Juan Monjo collaborated with Narciso Monturiol in the construction of his Icteins, performing the structural calculations of the first and monitoring the construction of the second... so they reflect plans signed by him. In 1869 he was appointed director of the Royal Nautical School of Arenys, which had to close five years later for the third Carlist War.

The promulgation of the provision of 12 October 1778, which had ended with the monopoly of the ports of the south of Spain (of the ports of Seville and Cadiz), made progress in the Atlantic navigation of the Catalan navy. The need to have pilots, the intervention of which was legally essential for the overseas routes, was the reason why many parents and the Sant Elm de Arenys de Mar guild asked Josep Baralt to establish a School of Pilots, which was the most appropriate person, since, in addition to his long experience and the status of first pilot with official rank of the Royal Navy, he had excellent training. The idea seemed good and started legal proceedings because this school of Nautics of Arenys was authorized, which it obtained on a provisional basis. The opening permit came to him on 7 March 1779 and, finally, the following year: 30 April 1780.

'Photo of the 19th century of the Arenys de Mar Pilot School.

The School began its activities on 7 April 1782 in Arenys de Mar. The first classes were given in his house, in the street of the Church, as a plaque currently visible on his facade says. Only in nautical instruments, Josep Baralt spent the amount of £2,491.

In a short time it became small and on 1783 it moved to a building located to the Road Real (general road to France) to the raising part of the population and was known vulgarously with the name of "Pilot Study". In this school, as recorded in the student registration book, young people from all over Catalonia, from the Balearic Islands, Alicante, Tortosa, Málaga and even from Galicia attended. The quota was 8 pesetas of the monthly period. On February 3, 1807, a total of 93 students were enrolled.

Map of Catalonia at the beginning of the 18th century

This School obtained the "Real Approval" in 1783, won the status and category of "Nautical School of the Maritime Province "with the Royal Protection the 1792and finally in 1802receives the distinction ofRoyal Nautical School. A demonstration of the importance of the nautical power of the Villa de Arenys de Mar is that on 1786 there were 59 ships that made the journey to the New Continent, all of them built in the five yards of Arenys and patrolled by pilots out of the Nautical School.

Twenty years after the foundation of the School of Nautics, on October 22, 1802, King Charles IV and his family stayed in Arenys staying in the houses of Can Ramis and Pau; aware the King of the importance of the Nautical School wanted to meet Josep Baralt, who was presented to him by Josep de Olózoga, captain of the port of Barcelona and Pere de Ayala, helping military and marina of Arenys de Mar. The King, fully satisfied with the explanations given to him, decreed that the School be entitled "Real" and appointed Josep Baralt, the Navy's Major Lieutenant and granted him the privilege of waving on the facade the "royal pennon." On February 22, 1806 Josep Baralt was appointed Military Assistant to the Navy and Captain of the port of Arenys, a position he held until his death.

Recorded from the time of Arenys de Mar

So, the studio, which could hardly be maintained economically, passed to the hands of Francesc de Padua Farrucha, natural of Cartagena. Despite the fact that it invested a considerable amount of money, the school had to close its doors by approving the order to incorporate the teaching of nautical. However, after a few frustrated attempts, in 1869, he reopened the doors with Joan Monjo i Pons at the front. In spite of this, rail transport, the progressive loss of the overseas colonies and the appearance of the steam ships, lead to the decline of sailing. Arenys' mestrances disappear or are reduced to the construction of small-tonnage boats. In 1874 the Royal Nautical School of Arenys de Mar was finally closed.

THE ORO EAST OF NAVIGATION

Already at the end of the 17th century and during the first half of the 18th century, some Arenys ships start trading, through Cadiz, with America, and with the opening of the Indian trade in 1778, the Arenys economy receives a strong boost. Many sailors and population patterns enrol for the American race, and in 1786, there are already 54 ships in Arenys that make the journey on the new continent. In 1779, in order to form officers and captains for the ocean singles, the Aoran navigator Josep Baralt and Torras (1740- 1829), founded, in the villa, the Pilot Study, which became the most prestigious naval school in the Principality, and through which, until it was finally closed in 1874, more than 2,000 students, from all over Catalonia, Spain and even America.

At the end of the 18th century, Arenys, with its five shipyards, is the pioneering town in the naval constuction of Catalonia. In addition, it was the village of the maritime province of Mataró - from the Masnou to Tossa - where more ships were coming out to America; they followed it from far, Mataró and Canet and, although further away, Blues, Lloret and Tossa.

The textile and knitted industry is experiencing a slight expansion and the activity of lace traders is increasing. The tips of Canet, Calella and especially of Arenys, are exported to the peninsula - those of Arenys in Madrid become very familiar - and to the other side of the Atlantic. In 1789, the 7 most important lace in the population made 850 lace work.

As a result of the economic euphoria of this time it is built about 300 houses and new streets are opened. In addition, there is a major phenomenon for the urbanism of the population: the transformation of the Riera. Until then it was a ramp, a sandy land, for which it often came down water and was not built. They only gave the orchards of the butts of the houses, and it was used as a garbage dump. Throughout this century, it becomes a public road in which new houses and master mansions, such as the Milans and Ramis houses, are built. In addition, two squares are opened, the villa and the church. In the 19th century, with the planting of bananas (1865) - from the Devesa de Giron- the construction of new houses and the opening of some shops, becomes the neural center of the villa.

At the entrance of the 19th century, Arenys has 4,439 inhabitants and 906 houses. In the field of industry, several textile, cotton and silk factories were operating and there were about 1,500 coatings.

During the War of Independence (1808-1814), the city becomes a key core of communication and of the intendence of the Spanish and English allied armies. From Arenys there are convoys of food and weapons destined for various nerve points of Catalonia, and it is also the starting point of the maritime expedition for the conquest of the Medes Islands. Because of his strategic situation, he was assigned a number of cover troops who had been fighting hard to keep the city out of the Napoleonic domain. As Girona falls to the French (1809), the city's Correctional Board and successive governors move to Arenys, which becomes the free capital of the Correction. However, Arenys suffered several occupations, although sporadic, of the French, the most important of which was the winter and spring of 1812. It was also not free of looting, and of strong war contributions, by both the French and the Spanish.

It is precisely at this time that the traditional flame of the villa, "the almonds of Arenys," is first explicitly mentioned. While it was already reported that in the 17th century sugar almonds were made, in 1814, on the occasion of the stay made by Fernando VII in Calella, when he returned from exile, the City Council of that city asked the Arenys, to send him "Almonds of Arenys" to give him the monarch.

The first two thirds of the 19th century, the naval activity continues with great strength. They found in Arenys about 490 ships a year. Almost every day, they arrive from 30 to 40 loads of Breda ceramic to overseas. They are also exported, especially in Matanzas - where there was a major sandy colony -, tips, cork, wood, weapons, stockings, paintings of artists Barcelona, - leeches, etc.

The activities of the main companies continue, with linings of riverside carpenters, the Pica, the Ferrer and the Jaurés, and especially of the Busquets, father and son, known as the "Caldes," of the shipyard of which an average of three to five sailing boats of great tonnage per year, such as the Bricbara "Doña Flora de Pombo" of 884 tons.

Many of them go to America to make a fortune and some become rich, the famous "Americans." Among these are: Francisco Roget; Paz Espriu and Llobet (1770- 1846), who was one of the founders of the city of Cárdenas, in Cuba; Josep Xifré i Casas (1777- 1856), who with his business in Cuba and in the United States, became the richest Catalan of the 19th century and built in the villa a great hospital for the poor; Jaime Partagás and Rabell (1816- 1861), the creator of the prestigious "Royal Factory of Tabacos Partagás," founded in Cuba, in 1897 - 1845; and the Aivadell (1898), which was also dedicated to the construction of the city of the city of Pubacos (1898), which was built in 1898; and the city of Pubacos (1898).

In the meantime, in 1834, the population, which has a powerful community of priests, has been erected its clay. That same year, it was the head of a judicial party.

In 1835, when the provinces were established, Arenys, who had always belonged to the administrative area of Girona (County, Veneering, Correction), became dependent on the province of Barcelona. It has, however, continued to this day, to be part of the bishopric of Girona, with a parenthesis of twenty years (1958-78), in which it belonged to the Barcelona diocese.